What is the word or phrase?

There are hundred red gems and hundred blue gems. The blue gems are priceless while the red gems equal wastage. You have two sacks one labeled Heads and the other Tails. You have to distribute the gems as you want in the two sacks. Then a coin will be flipped and you will be asked to pick up a gem randomly from the corresponding sacks.

How will you distribute the gems between the sacks so that the odds of picking a Blue gem are maximum?

Three friends named Mr. Black, Mr. Yellow and Mr. Green enter a pub on a weekend night. They are wearing either a Black, Yellow or Green shirt.

Mr. Yellow says to them, 'Did you notice that we all are wearing different color shirts than our names?'

To this, the man who was wearing the Green shirt said. 'Wow, thats right.'

Can you identify who is wearing which colour shirt ?

Decode the below four famous ciphers:

8P of the SS
1M of the E
1S of the SS
60M in 1H

You walk into a room that contains a match, a kerosene lamp, a candle and a fireplace. What would you light first?

I throw two dice simultaneously.

What is the probability of getting a sum as 9 of the two numbers shown?

What are the 50th, 63rd and 100th numbers in the sequence below?
4, 5, 8, 8, 9, 9, 12, 13, 13, 13, 17, 18, ...

A man wants to cross the pit of fire which is 25 feet in length and he has 2 planks(fire resistant) 19 feet in length. How can he cross the pit of fire alive?

There are five vowels (a, e, i, o, u) in the English language.
Can you tell us a word that contains all these vowels?

A man is looking at a photograph of someone. His friend asks who it is. The man replies, “Brothers and sisters, I have none. But that man’s father is my father’s son.” Who was in the photograph?