John and Jenni are a married couple. They have two kids, one of them is a girl. Assume safely that the probability of each gender is 1/2.
What is the probability that the other kid is also a girl?
A man escapes from jail using help from his girlfriend. The investigators suspect four girls of being the man's girlfriend.
Out of those four girls, one is his girlfriend who is lying. Two of the girls are completely innocent and are speaking the truth. One of the girls is the man's sister who is helping the girlfriend lie. Following are the statements from all four of them:
Ariana: "Myrna is his girlfriend."
Jane: "Angelina is lying."
Angelina: "Ariana is lying."
Myrna: "Jane is not his sister."
Can you find out who is the man's sister among them?
You and your two friends are working in a multinational company. How can you three find out the average salary of you all without disclosing your own salary to the other two?