You have four chains. Each chain has three links in it. Although it is difficult to cut the links, you wish to make a single loop with all 12 links. What is the fewest number of cuts you must make to accomplish this task?
If I put in one canary per cage, I have one bird too many. If I put in two canaries per cage, I have one cage too many. How many cages and canaries do I have?
See the given image carefully. What you have to do is move the blue checkers in the position of the black checkers and vice versa. You are only allowed to move the checker to an adjacent empty space. Do it in the least possible moves.