People make me, save me, change me, raise me. What am I?

Given below is simple addition with a defined pattern pattern:
7 + 7 = 2
8 + 8 = 4
8 + 5 = 1
6 + 9 = 3
10 + 11 = 9

Can you analyze the pattern and find out the answer for:

4 + 9 = ?

It has a long neck, A name of a bird, Feeds on cargo of ships, It's not alive,

What is it?

There is a straight highway. Four different villages lie on that highway. The distance between them is different. The third village is 60km away from the first village; the fourth is 40 km away from the second; the third is 10 km near to the fourth that it is to the second.

Can you calculate the distance between the fourth and the first village ?

In a chess board, the queen piece can move horizontally, vertically and diagonally freely. The picture represents the same.Can you place 8 queens on the board in a manner that none of the queens can attack each other?

You have four chains. Each chain has three links in it. Although it is difficult to cut the links, you wish to make a single loop with all 12 links. What is the fewest number of cuts you must make to accomplish this task?

Find the missing number in the sequence below:

Identify Me

Hint1: I am a god
Hint 2: I am a planet
Hint 3: measurer of heat

Count the number of balls in picture below:

In a boat, the father of a sailor's son is sitting with the son of the sailor. However, the sailor is not present on the boat.

Can this even be possible?