Why is the Hole below a Lock?

Can you find the missing letter in the sequence?
S - T - I - L - ? - T - F - Y - C

If Japan and Panama decided to merge into a single country, probably people will name it Japanama.

Can you think of two more such country's unions that could produce similar names like Japanama by overlapping their three letters?

Five lovely ladies(Sophia, Isabella, Madison, Emma and Olivia) planned a picnic.

They each buy one thing each for the picnic.

Sophia, Emma and Olivia got a drink : orange-Juice, apple-juice, and mango-juice.
Olivia got the drink with the same letter as the one in her first name.
Emma loves mango-juice.
The other two bring some food : chocolates and pizza.
Also Madison is allergic to cheese.

So which ladies bought what ?

Can you start the fire using two pieces of wood?

A King wants to send the diamond ring to his girlfriend securely. He got multiple locks and their corresponding keys. His girlfriend does not have any keys to these locks and if he sends the key without a lock, the key can be copied in the way. How can King send the ring to his girlfriend securely?

Suppose you are sitting in an interview and the interviewee asks you an aptitude question.

You have three buckets with a capacity of 4 litres, 8 litres and 10 litres and you have a large tank of water. Now you have to measure 3 litres of water precisely using those buckets. How will you do it?

Thomas has missed an excessive number of days of school, so he must meet with Principal Davis. Mr. Davis asks him "Why on Earth have you missed so many days?" Thomas replies "There just isn't enough time for school. I need 8 hours of sleep a day, which adds up to about 122 days a year. Weekends off is 104 days a year. Summer vacation is about 60 days. If I spend about an hour on each meal, that's 3 hours a day or 45 days a year. I need at least 2 hours of exercise and relaxation time each day to stay physically and mentally fit, adding another 30 days. Add all of that up and you get about 361 days. That only leaves 4 days for school." The principal knows Thomas is full of it, but can't figure out why. Where is Thomas going wrong?

Decode the below four famous ciphers:

8P of the SS
1M of the E
1S of the SS
60M in 1H

To attend world science seminar, A famous chemist from Mexico visit
London. In the lab, the scientist was killed and his six assistants were under suspicion of killing the chemist.
Name of six assistants: Austin, Wayne, Dege, Oscaru, Lingard, and Rojo.
He left a note "76-20-44 79-16-22-7"

A local detective Jack was called to solve the case,

After reading the note, Jack instantly asked the police to arrest the murderers.

Who are the murderers?