Solve the alphametic puzzle by replacing the alphabet with the number.

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Can you solve this amazing hard number series problem?
7, 8, 10, 12, 16, 18 ?

It is a nine-letter word.
The exact opposite of the phrase "friendly and outgoing"
It contains the word "over".
It starts will a vowel.

What is it?

I am a normal creature, but I have five hands. I can even have more but even then I will be considered normal.

Who am I?

I have a hole in my back and legs I lack.
I live where I can’t breathe and I eat without teeth.
What am I?

Can you convert the number zero(0) into a positive number using just one mathematical operator ?

On the dull night when the blonde was dozing, she heard an odd clamour and she saw that there was a bizarre man with a gun simply outside her home. So she raced to the telephone to call the police, however, she can't dial 911. Why?

I had an infinite supply of water and 5 litres and 3 litres jars.

How would you measure exactly 4 litres in the least number of steps?

Take 9 from 6, 10 from 9, 50 from 40, and leave 6.

How Come ??

I ask Joseph to pick any 5 cards out of a deck with no Jokers.

He can inspect then shuffle the deck before picking any five cards. He picks out 5 cards then hands them to me (Jack can't see any of this). I look at the cards and I pick 1 card out and give it back to Joseph. I then arrange the other four cards in a special way, and give those 4 cards all face down, and in a neat pile, to Jack.

Jack looks at the 4 cards i gave him, and says out loud which card Joseph is holding (suit and number). How?

The solution uses pure logic, not sleight of hand. All Jack needs to know is the order of the cards and what is on their face, nothing more.