Which three-digit number, made of consecutive digits, like 567, is 2 less than a cube and 2 more than a square?

Look at this sequence from top to bottom. What is the next number in the sequence?
1
11
21
1211
111221
312211

I have eight fingers and two thumbs but I do not live. What Am I?

What does this below rebus puzzle mean?

You are given four results as below:
1111 = F
2222 = E
3333 = T
Then, can you find out how to code 4444?

Outside a massage parlour, there is a board that reads
"I only massage those who do not massage themselves."

Reading the above statement, does the masseur massage himself?

You are mixing a mixture of cement and Sand with five gallons of water. You have a garden hose giving you all the water you need. The problem is that you only have a four-gallon bucket and a seven-gallon bucket and neither has graduation marks. Find a method to measure five gallons.

I am a three digit number.
My tens digit is five more than my ones digit.
My hundreds digit is eight less than my tens digit.
What number am I?

Decode the below four famous ciphers:

8P of the SS
1M of the E
1S of the SS
60M in 1H

A landlord calls both of his sons and tells them that their horses will now decide who will transfer the inheritance. He tells them to race along the land till the end and the one whose horse will be slower will win and be the heir to all the property.

Both of them keep wandering for days but to no result. Then they ask a wise man regarding it. The man advises them on the matter after which they jump on the horses and race as fast as they can till the end. Why did they do it?

What did the wise man say?