Quickly Solve this riddle

7 - 4 + 3 * 0 + 1 = ?

A tree doubled in height each year until it reached its maximum height over the course of ten years. How many years did it take for the tree to reach half its maximum height?

All of Jacob's shoes are red except two.
All of Jacob's shoes are green except two.
All of Jacob's shoes are yellow except two.

How many shoes does Jacob have?

A man had five children. He had $100 with him to give to his children. He decided to start with the youngest child and then give $2 more than each younger child to his next elder child.

For example, if he gives $x to the youngest child, he will give $(x+2) to the next one, $[(x+2) + 2] to the next one and so on.

Can you find out how much did the youngest one receive?

A chicken farmer has figured out that a hen and a half can lay an egg and a half in a day and a half. How many hens does the farmer need to produce one dozen eggs in six days?

I want to fill my bucket using both cold and hot water.
I have two taps for both cold and hot water. The hot water tap fills the bucket in exact 6 hours and the cold water tap fills the bucket in exact 4 hours.
I turn both of them simultaneously but I forgot to turn off another tap which removes the water out of the bucket. This tap can empty the bucket in 12 hours.

How Long will it take to fill the bucket?

Rectify the following equality 101 - 102 = 1 by moving just one digit.

I am a prime number.
The double of myself is equal to the square of me.

which number am I?

John can eat 27 chocolates in an hour, Jacob can eat 2 chocolates in 10 minutes, and Jolly can eat 7 chocolates in 20 minutes. How long will it take them to share and eat a box of 120 chocolates whilst playing Chess?

What will be the best approach to finding all the prime numbers less than 75 that leave an odd reminder when we divide them with 5?